The Lab
Specimen No. 0189
AvoidSyntheticfood synthetic preservatives

Propyl Gallate

E310

Master DB rating: Avoid. Listed for: Vegetable oils, meat products, microwave popcorn

medium confidence
Researched July 7, 2026

Concerns

  • In vitro assays found propyl gallate binds and inhibits human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) at concentrations close to estimated real-world dietary intake levels (Punt et al. 2020)
  • Separate in vitro studies found estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity in breast cancer cell lines (Pop et al. 2018), though physiologically based modeling suggests estrogenic effects are unlikely at typical dietary exposure

Regulatory flags

  • IARC Class: NL
  • EDC Status: Suspected (thyroid peroxidase inhibition in vitro)
  • Regulatory: US: FDA permitted; EU: restricted
  • Evidence Grade: C

Commonly found in

Vegetable oils, meat products, microwave popcorn

Research disclaimer: This rating is based on available peer-reviewed research and regulatory assessments at the time of publication. It is not medical advice. Consult a qualified professional for personal health or skin concerns.

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